How IP location works
Internet providers receive IP addresses in large blocks. Location companies build databases that link each block to a place, using registration records, network measurements and reports from users. When you visit a site, it looks up your address in one of these databases.
Example
So an IP location is a best guess at where a block of addresses is used. It is never your street address.
Why it can be wrong
- Mobile networks send traffic out through a small number of gateways, so a phone often shows a city far away.
- Shared addresses. Many providers put lots of customers behind one public address, which can be used across a wide area.
- Moved addresses. When a provider moves a block of addresses to another region, the databases can take weeks or months to catch up.
- A VPN or work network. Sites see the VPN server or the company's own exit point instead. How a VPN changes this.
- Different databases. Sites use different location companies, so two sites can show two different places for the same address.
When it matters
- A site shows the wrong language, currency or shop.
- A streaming service or game offers another country's catalogue, or blocks you.
- Search results and weather show the wrong town.
- A bank or online service flags a sign-in from an unexpected place.
What you can do
- Allow location for the site when your browser asks. Sites that use your device's location get it from GPS or nearby Wi-Fi, which is far more accurate. Only allow it for sites you trust.
- Choose your country or region on the site itself, if it offers a setting.
- Turn off your VPN for that site, or pick a VPN server in your own country.
- Restart your router. Some providers then give you a different address, which may be listed in a better place.
- Report the error. MaxMind, one of the largest location databases, takes corrections through its correction form. It will not tie an address to a street or a household. Other location companies, such as IP2Location, also take correction requests.
- Ask your provider if the country is wrong. Providers can update the location information they publish for their addresses.